Precis Exercise

In preparation for making research paper we’ve been through some exercises such as plagiarism exercises and proper citation/bibliography exercises using APA style. Now, to further our preparation, we have to exercise/train ourselves to make accurate précis, a skill which can be very useful when adopting ideas from various people in the Review of the Related Literature section of our research. And here it is now:

1. It's worth emphasizing that although we say this form of Time preceded creation of the physical world, its precedent is not in terms of physical time that has any form of measurement -- just as we have no form of measurement of any of the higher worlds or the phenomena within them. Furthermore, this form of Time is also a creation, just as all else within the higher cosmos. It precedes the creation of the physical world, but is not primal in an absolute sense. That is to say, the very concept of precedent and antecedent is a creation.

Précis:

According to Freeman(2011), it must be pointed out that this specific form of time is also a creation just like any other phenomenon of higher form which is immeasurable albeit it preceded the creation of the physical world. Furthermore, the very concept of precedent and antecedent is a creation itself.

2. Time is also described in Chassidism as the flux of ratzo v'shov -- a continual positive/negative oscillation of creative energy that drives all phenomena of the cosmos. Just as hearts beat, lungs inhale and exhale, energy pulsates in waves, particles vacillate between negative and positive states, so too the very substance of the cosmos continually oscillates between a state of being and not-being. This oscillation, as well, "precedes" Time as we know it. The essential continuum of Time in our world is the eventual manifestation of this higher form.

Précis:

Freeman(2011) says that time is also described in Chassidism as “the flux of ratzo v’shov” which means the continuous movement of the opposing energies that sets all the phenomena in the universe into motion. Moreover, the very movement itself precedes time, thus, time’s continuity depends on its eventual manifestations.

Source:

Freeman, T. (2011). What is Time. Retrieved from http://www.chabad.org/library/article_cdo/aid/74335/jewish/What-is-Time.htm